odbc_columns

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

odbc_columnsLists the column names in specified tables

说明

odbc_columns ( resource $odbc , string|null $catalog = null , string|null $schema = null , string|null $table = null , string|null $column = null ) : resource|false

Lists all columns in the requested range.

参数

odbc

ODBC 连接标识符,详见 odbc_connect()

catalog

The catalog ('qualifier' in ODBC 2 parlance).

schema

The schema ('owner' in ODBC 2 parlance). 此参数接受下列查询模式: % 来匹配零到多个字符, _ 来匹配单个字符。

table

The table name. 此参数接受下列查询模式: % 来匹配零到多个字符, _ 来匹配单个字符。

column

The column name. 此参数接受下列查询模式: % 来匹配零到多个字符, _ 来匹配单个字符。

返回值

Returns an ODBC result identifier 或者在失败时返回 false.

The result set has the following columns:

  • TABLE_CAT
  • TABLE_SCHEM
  • TABLE_NAME
  • COLUMN_NAME
  • DATA_TYPE
  • TYPE_NAME
  • COLUMN_SIZE
  • BUFFER_LENGTH
  • DECIMAL_DIGITS
  • NUM_PREC_RADIX
  • NULLABLE
  • REMARKS
  • COLUMN_DEF
  • SQL_DATA_TYPE
  • SQL_DATETIME_SUB
  • CHAR_OCTET_LENGTH
  • ORDINAL_POSITION
  • IS_NULLABLE
Drivers can report additional columns.

The result set is ordered by TABLE_CAT, TABLE_SCHEM, TABLE_NAME and ORDINAL_POSITION.

更新日志

版本 说明
8.0.0 schema, table and column are now nullable.

范例

Example #1 List Columns of a Table

<?php
$conn 
odbc_connect($dsn$user$pass);
$columns odbc_columns($conn'TutorialDB''dbo''test''%');
while ((
$row odbc_fetch_array($columns))) {
    
print_r($row);
    break; 
// further rows omitted for brevity
}
?>

以上例程的输出类似于:

Array
(
    [TABLE_CAT] => TutorialDB
    [TABLE_SCHEM] => dbo
    [TABLE_NAME] => TEST
    [COLUMN_NAME] => id
    [DATA_TYPE] => 4
    [TYPE_NAME] => int
    [COLUMN_SIZE] => 10
    [BUFFER_LENGTH] => 4
    [DECIMAL_DIGITS] => 0
    [NUM_PREC_RADIX] => 10
    [NULLABLE] => 0
    [REMARKS] =>
    [COLUMN_DEF] =>
    [SQL_DATA_TYPE] => 4
    [SQL_DATETIME_SUB] =>
    [CHAR_OCTET_LENGTH] =>
    [ORDINAL_POSITION] => 1
    [IS_NULLABLE] => NO
)

参见

User Contributed Notes

tom at jargonsoft dot com 08-Sep-2019 05:33
The docs on this page are among the worst in php. I know docs are traditionally terrible for open source code, but this is NOT acceptable:
Qualifer: the qualifer. REALLY??
How about: ComplexFieldWithManyRules: the ComplexFieldWithManyRules.
Give me a break.
How about actually defining the meaning and how to use it?
Along with several EXAMPLES!!
You are giving software developers a bad name with junk like this.
eion at robbmob dot com 12-Apr-2012 03:47
Sometimes the array keys of the results of odbc_columns() can be in lower case, instead of upper case (eg 'column_name' instead of 'COLUMN_NAME').  This can vary depending on which ODBC driver you are connecting to.
Thomas 16-Jun-2009 06:46
[MS SQL Server 2005/2008, PHP 5]

Imagine you would need to access the column names of a specific table, for instance to display them as table headers for fields with missing information. While browsing the documentation I was kind of lost how to use odbc_columns() without the usage of odbc_result_all() which outputs EVERYTHING in a single HTML table.

Here is a way to stuff all output into an array and then access only one or more fields of the odbc_columns() output:

<?php
include('connect.inc'); // <== Put all your database connection parameters in here. (DSN, PWD, USR, mssql_connect, etc.; returns $connection)

$outval = odbc_columns($connection, "your DB name", "%", "your table name", "%");

$pages = array();
while (
odbc_fetch_into($outval, $pages)) {
        echo
$pages[3] . "<br />\n"; // presents all fields of the array $pages in a new line until the array pointer reaches the end of array data
   
}
?>

Now your array $pages will have the following contents:
([x] is the array index displayed here for better understanding)

[0] TABLE_CAT <== your DB name
[1] TABLE_SCHEM <== dbo, your table scheme
[2] TABLE_NAME <== your table name
[3] COLUMN_NAME <== your column names (selected all with "%" in odbc_columns() )
[4] DATA_TYPE <== -8
[5] TYPE_NAME <== nchar (corresponds to -8, 11 f.i. is datetime and so on)
[6] COLUMN_SIZE <== num. val.
[7] BUFFER_LENGTH <== num. val.
[8] DECIMAL_DIGITS <== num. val. or NULL
[9] NUM_PREC_RADIX <== num. val. or NULL
[10] NULLABLE <== num. val.
[11] REMARKS <== num. val. or NULL
[12] COLUMN_DEF <== num. val. or NULL
[13] SQL_DATA_TYPE <== num. val.
[14] SQL_DATETIME_SUB <== num. val. or NULL
[15] CHAR_OCTET_LENGTH <== num. val. or NULL
[16] ORDINAL_POSITION <== num. val.
[17] IS_NULLABLE <== YES/NO
[18] SS_DATA_TYPE <== num. val.

Now you can access each field recursivly by its key and output only the DESIRED fields instead of having ALL output from odbc_result_all().
Please note that the array key starts at zero (0) instead of one (1), so echo $pages[3] selects COLUMN_NAME from the above list.

I hope this helps...

Cheers
Thomas
php dot lpatrick at spamgourmet dot com 02-May-2008 10:52
Since I was just looking for table descriptions of an MS Access file I didn't know the table structure of, I wrote this (where $inputfile is the Access file name):

<?php
$conn
= odbc_connect("DRIVER={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}; DBQ=".$inputfile;, "", "");

$tabs = odbc_tables($conn);
$tables = array();
while (
odbc_fetch_row($tabs)){
    if (
odbc_result($tabs,"TABLE_TYPE")=="TABLE") {
       
$table_name = odbc_result($tabs,"TABLE_NAME");
       
$tables["{$table_name}"] = array();
       
$cols = odbc_exec($conn,'select * from `'.$table_name.'` where 1=2');  // we don't want content
     
$ncols = odbc_num_fields($cols);
        for (
$n=1; $n<=$ncols; $n++) {
           
$field_name = odbc_field_name($cols, $n);
           
$tables["{$table_name}"]["{$field_name}"]['len'] = odbc_field_len($cols, $n);
           
$tables["{$table_name}"]["{$field_name}"]['type'] = odbc_field_type($cols, $n);
        }
    }
}
odbc_close ($conn);
print_r($tables);
?>
jeremie dot legrand at komori-chambon dot fr 19-Feb-2008 02:43
Here is the way to use odbc_columns() with "Attunity Connect", an ODBC connector to VMS :

$db = "my_database";
$table = "my_table";
$con = odbc_connect($db, "user", "password");
$result = odbc_columns($con, $db, "", $table, "%");
while (odbc_fetch_row($resu)) {
    echo odbc_result_all($resu);
}
Artur 23-Jan-2007 06:15
This is the only way I could actually get field names using odbc_columns. Hope it will be usefull for someone.

$result = odbc_columns($odbc,$dbhost,"dbo", "KIR_ViolationDetail");

while (odbc_fetch_row($result))
{
  echo odbc_result($result,"COLUMN_NAME");
}
ke3wh at comcast dot net 26-Nov-2004 05:47
The complete script to get into from a DSN MS Access DB Table and display it is below.

function Error_Handler( $msg, $cnx ) {
    echo "$msg \n";
    odbc_close( $cnx);
    exit();
    }

$cnx = odbc_connect( 'DSN_NAME' , '', '' );//connect to MSAccess
    if (!$cnx) {
      Error_handler( "Error in odbc_connect" , $cnx );
    } 

    $res400= odbc_columns($cnx,"DSN_NAME","","TABLE");
    echo odbc_result_all($res400);
laundro at gmail dot com 15-Nov-2004 08:29
Getting all column names from Excel with ODBC:
$cols = odbc_columns($connection, $filename, NULL, $sheet);

where:
$connection is the result of your odbc_connect;
$filename is the filename of the Excel file;
$sheet is the name of the Excel worksheet.

This is useful when you want to query an Excel file without having to name ranges beforehand. With the results obtained from the above command, you can populate an array and use its contents (ie the column names) for further querying.
netaminas at hotamil dot com 25-Feb-2004 02:21
Connect with IBM Client Access 32-bit ODBC driver

To access table information in DB2 iSeries (AS/400) via ODBC Driver i've tried with this code and worked!!!

$conn_ODBC = odbc_connect("DSN", "USER", "PASSW") or die;
$tabela = "table name in IBM iSeries";
$libname = "library name in IBM iSeries"

$res400 = odbc_columns($conn_ODBC, "DSN", $libname, $tabela, "%")  or die("<p><font color=#FF0000>Erro Na Leitura da Tabela ".$tabela." do AS/400: ".odbc_errormsg());

echo odbc_result_all($res400);

Netaminas.com
PORTUGAL
21-Oct-2003 11:44
ODBC & MS ACCESS :

odbc_columns($conn,"DSN_NAME","","TABLE_NAME");
Sergio Sartori 25-Feb-2003 08:05
Using this function on a MS SQL Server 2000 database connection with the syntax:

$res = odbc_columns($connId, $dbName, "%", $tableName, "%");

I actually get a result set with THESE columns name:

TABLE_CAT, TABLE_SCHEM, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, TYPE_NAME, COLUMN_SIZE, BUFFER_LENGTH, DECIMAL_DIGITS, NUM_PREC_RADIX, NULLABLE, REMARKS

in the order displayed.
josh at engledental dot com 12-Jun-2002 05:34
(PHP4.2.1, Win2k, MSSQL 2K)

The result id returned from this function does not appear to behave exactly the same as a result id returned from a query. 

I get all sorts of errors when I try to use subsequent odbc functions on the result id, such as:

odbc_fetch_into - This function only seems to work if I don't specify a row number or if the row number = 0.

odbc_fetch_row - This function will not return a row from the result set.  Under some scenarios, I am able to use it in a while loop, but its seems buggy.  Hence, my odbc_num_of_rows function (hack to replace the non-functional odbc_num_rows function) also doesn't work.

I recommend dumping the results into an array immediately and freeing the result id created by this function.

ps - If anyone has any further insight or workarounds, I would appreciate them.
LyleE at LocalMotion dot com 22-Feb-2001 11:53
Took me a while to figure out this command, thought I would save some other people the time.  We couldn't quite figure out what the qualifier was.  For MSSQL 7.0, it is the Database that you are connecing to.  For the pubs database it would look something like this.

$rs = odbc_columns($DBConnection, "Pubs", "%", "jobs");

That would be for showing the jobs table.
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